How to Perform a basic cardiovascular examination

Any medical student should be able to perform a basic cardiovascular exam. This medical how-to video tutorial outlines the guidelines to perform a basic cardiovascular exam. Always begin by by observing the patient from head to toe. Inspect the face for signs of cyanosis. Note visible scars or pulsations in the neck and edema in the feet. This video is intended for medical professionals only.

Characteristics of an innocent murmur:

1. always systolic and grade 3 or less e.g. quiet

2. best heard at left sternal edge

3. no ventricular hypertrophy

4. other normal heart sounds with normal ECG and pulses